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弹性联轴器

产品简介

弹性联轴器详细介绍弹性联轴器是一种广泛应用于机械传动系统中的关键部件,其主要功能是连接两轴以传递扭矩和运动,同时补偿各种对中误差,并缓解系统振动与冲击。它通过其

产品型号:HQ-PLC0005
发布时间:2025-09-13
厂商性质:源头工厂
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弹性联轴器详细介绍

弹性联轴器是一种广泛应用于机械传动系统中的关键部件,其主要功能是连接两轴以传递扭矩和运动,同时补偿各种对中误差,并缓解系统振动与冲击。它通过其中间的弹性元件(如聚氨酯、工程塑料、金属膜片或弹簧等)来实现柔性传动,从而保护驱动端和从动端的精密设备。


一、 性能特点

补偿偏差能力:核心性能在于能有效补偿轴向、径向、角向三种偏差,以及它们的复合偏差。这大大降低了因安装对中不准或机架热胀冷缩引起的附加载荷。

减振与缓冲:弹性元件能吸收并阻尼系统的振动能量,降低共振峰值,平滑由电机启停或负载突变引起的扭矩冲击,从而保护整个传动链。

电气绝缘:非金属弹性元件(如聚氨酯)可提供天然的电气绝缘性能,防止杂散电流腐蚀轴承,适用于变频驱动场合。

无背隙/低背隙:许多设计(如膜片式、螺旋弹簧式)能实现无背隙或极低背隙的动力传递,确保高同步精度,这对于伺服系统至关重要。

免维护与高可靠性:通常无需润滑,运行稳定,使用寿命长,降低了维护成本和停机时间。

适应性强:可根据不同的扭矩、转速和工况(如耐腐蚀、高温环境)选择不同的材料和结构。


二、 主要技术参数

在选择弹性联轴器时,需重点关注以下技术参数:

公称扭矩 (Tn):联轴器可持续传递的扭矩额定值,是选型的基础。

最大扭矩 (Tmax):联轴器能承受的短期峰值扭矩,通常为公称扭矩的2-4倍,用于应对冲击负载。

许用转速 (n):联轴器最高安全工作转速,受其材料强度和动平衡精度限制。

补偿能力:具体量化的轴向△X、径向△Y、角向△α偏移量。例如:轴向±1mm,径向±0.5mm,角向±1°。

扭转刚度 (Cτ):表征联轴器抵抗扭转变形的能力,单位为N·m/rad。高刚度提供高精度,低刚度则减振效果好。是关键的动力响应参数。

转动惯量 (J):联轴器自身的惯性量,对于高动态响应的伺服系统,应尽可能选择低转动惯量的型号以提升响应速度。

弹性元件硬度/材质:如 Shore A 硬度(对于橡胶/聚氨酯)或不锈钢等级(对于膜片),直接影响其性能和耐用性。


总而言之,弹性联轴器是现代精密传动中不可或缺的“安全卫士”与“性能优化师”,正确选型对于提升整个设备系统的可靠性、精度和寿命至关重要。

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